Components in BotG are 2nd Tier products you can manufacture using your raw materials. Components can then be sold on the market or made into Civilian Services or End Products.
These too can be created using ACP Structures and have a base output of 10 units per turn.
They also have a base sell of $250/unit. Keep an eye out for the demand and value of these products as they can shift very quickly.
Here is a list of components and the ACP structures they are built in, in BotG: